What does role-based access control (RBAC) primarily focus on?

Role-based access control (RBAC) primarily focuses on defining roles to streamline permission management. This security model aligns user access with their designated roles within an organization, rather than assigning permissions individually to each user. By categorizing users into roles based on their responsibilities, organizations can better manage access rights and ensure that individuals have the permissions necessary for their specific job functions.

This approach not only simplifies the administration of permissions but also enhances security by reducing the risk of unauthorized access. When roles are properly defined, it becomes easier to ensure that users can only access the information and resources relevant to their duties, minimizing the chance of data breaches and enhancing compliance with regulatory requirements.

The other options, while related to access control and security, do not encapsulate the core principle of RBAC. For instance, independently evaluating user access needs is not a primary focus of RBAC, which instead relies on predefined roles. Similarly, restricting access to sensitive files is a narrower aspect of access control and does not reflect the role-based approach. Lastly, tracking user activity is an important aspect of security but is typically handled through audit or monitoring systems rather than being a function of RBAC itself.