Which feature best describes asymmetric encryption?

Asymmetric encryption is characterized by its use of two distinct keys: a public key and a private key. This means that one key is used for encryption while a different key is used for decryption. The public key can be freely distributed and is used by anyone to encrypt messages intended for the key's owner. The private key, on the other hand, is kept secret by the owner and is used to decrypt those messages. This dual-key mechanism enables secure communication without the need for the sender and receiver to share a common key, which is essential for establishing secure exchanges over potentially insecure channels.

In contrast, symmetric encryption relies on a single key for both encryption and decryption, which can pose challenges in key management and distribution, especially in larger networks or public communications. The distinguishing feature of asymmetric encryption lies in the separate keys used, enhancing security and simplifying certain aspects of secure communication. This design inherently allows for additional functionalities, such as digital signatures, which provide authentication and integrity verification.