Which of the following is an example of something-we-know authentication?

The concept of something-we-know authentication refers to a security mechanism where the user must provide a piece of information that only they are expected to know. Passwords fit this criteria as they are typically a secret word or phrase that the user creates and remembers to access systems or services.

In this case, selecting the password highlights the essence of this type of authentication, which relies on the user's capability to keep their password private and secure. Other forms of authentication, such as fingerprint recognition (which involves something you are), smart cards (which involve something you have), and security questions (though they can sometimes be considered a form of something-you-know, they are typically used as a secondary verification method), do not align strictly with the primary definition of something-you-know authentication in the same way that a password does. Therefore, the choice emphasizing password as something you know actually embodies the principle of this authentication method correctly.